Michael Evans, Defence Editor
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The European Union is considering sanctions against Russia as punishment for refusing to withdraw its troops from Georgia and for recognising the two breakaway enclaves of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
The first hint that the EU might impose sanctions was made by Bernard Kouchner, the French Foreign Minister, during a press conference ahead of the planned summit on Georgia on Monday.
However, although the EU under the presidency of France wants to take a tough position against Russia’s continuing failure to meet the terms of the six-point peace plan on Georgia, brokered by President Sarkozy, the issue of sanctions is likely to provoke divisions in Europe.
Some EU officials were surprised that Mr Kouchner had raised the subject in public, knowing that it was going to be difficult to reach any form of consensus.
While some EU members are thought to be pushing for sanctions, it is a fact that the partnership and co-operation arrangements between the Europeans and Russia are of mutual benefit and both sides will be punished if sanctions are approved by the summit leaders.
One area being studied is the EU/Russia partnership and co-operation agreement which is currently being revamped in negotiations that began in July.
Some member states are urging for these negotiations to be suspended. The agreement covers economic and justice issues, external security, research and education and cultural aspects. Possible sanctions could also lead to restrictions on Russian travel visas to Europe.
However, the biggest obstacle to consensus over sanctions is energy. The EU is heavily dependent on Russia for oil and gas supplies, and, equally, Moscow is reliant on the EU for generating revenue from exporting energy to Europe.
Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany is unlikely to agree to any sanctions that might cause lasting damage to relations with Moscow and interrupt the flow of gas and oil to Europe.
Despite the obvious difficulties of imposing sanctions, Mr Kouchner made it clear that they were on the agenda for the summit on Monday, although he did not indicate that France itself was proposing such action. “Sanctions are being considered and many other means as well....Certain countries have asked that sanctions be imposed,” he said.
His comments were dismissed by Sergei Lavrov, the Russian Foreign Minister, who said they were the product of “a sick imagination”.
“I think it is a demonstration of complete confusion,” he said during a visit to Tajikistan.
Mr Kouchner, however, said: “We are trying to elaborate a strong text [for the EU summit] that will show our determination not to accept [what is happening in Georgia].”
The EU, like Nato, does not want to sever relations with Russia and is keen to keep open the lines of communication with Moscow.
Meanwhile, the public rhetoric was continuing to undermine the efforts being made behind the scenes to repair the diplomatic damage caused by Russia’s military action in Georgia. Moscow insisted that Nato was engaged in a naval build-up in the Black Sea which Russian military officials claimed was in breach of the Montreux Convention under which there are supposed to be limits on the number and type of warship allowed in the Black Sea.
Nato denied that it was involved in any form of naval build-up. In a statement, the alliance said there were five warships currently in the Black Sea but that they were there on a long-planned and routine exercise. Notification for the warships’ transit through the Turkish Straits was given in June, well before the current crisis in Georgia, Nato said.
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Google 'NATO Partners for Peace' - notice that Ukraine, Geogia, & Russia joined with a long term goal of becoming members of the alliance. Russia simply broke it's agreement with NATO by first arming the separatists then invading the sovereign Georgian nation. Russia simply can't be trusted.
Greg, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
In 1954 USSR applied to join NATO, but the membership was denied. As a result Warsaw pact was created. So who did start the Cold War? And who is trying to start a new one?
Alex, Gothenburg, Sweden
One question, please, - has anyone thought of an option to admit Russia to NATO's membership instead of building a security zone around the country? There is a saying: keep your enemy close to yourself and make him a friend of yours. It seems much wiser. And much cheaper. Think over this.
Azamat, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
I want Europe to impose sanctions on Russia to stop the energy supply as a respond to the sanctions. Like the vast majority of Russian people I do not like the government allows selling our countrys gas and oil abroad.
Alexey, Moscow,
TO: Tamricko, Tbilisi
Ñhoice was made by over a million Geogians currenly living and working in Russia (2 000 000 people in total currently in Georgia). Stop that theatre paid in US dollars. Have anyone heard about problems between Russians and ethnical Georgians in Russia recently? No? Guess why?
Vitaly, Moscow, Russia
Please... The world now is a "Global Village" that means we are all depend on each other. Sanctions? well... GM was a car company #1 in Russia last year. Ford Focus was a best selling car. I've heard Ford Motors has some financial problems? Still want sanctions?) We have to be frends in 21 century.
Alex, Perm, Russian Federation
IF G.W.Bush intiated the strike by Georgia on South Ossetia in order to promote support for 'gunslinger'McCain then his judgement,after Iraq and Afghanistan,must be closely questioned.Whilst Russia could be accused of going over the topin Georgia,they are simply putting their'marker in the ground'
STEPHEN fOLEY, BATTLE, UNITED KINGDOM
Dear Andrash from Budapest: Once, Seventeen years ago Georgia already was abandoned by the West and Russian presence with "peace-keeping" mission in Abkhazia and S/Osetia is just a result of that.
Tamricko, Tbilisi, Georgia
There is no war between Georgia and its historically integral part _ Southern Ossetia, It was artificial conflict, provoked to make a pressure on Independent, post-soviet Georgia. There is a war between Russia and the West. Georgia tells NO to Russia, and tells YES to the West. Choice is done!
Tamricko, Tbilisi, Georgia
It's not hard to see who is really behind this--Bush. Russia doesn't have to be the USSR. He threatened Afghan with either a carpet of dollars or bombs. It seems he was trying to get the Taliban to act as guards for an ENRON pipeline from S.Asia oilfields. It didn't turn out for ENRON. sO sORRY.
Aella , Advance, usa
Please... The world now is a "Global Village" that means we are all depend on each other. Sanctions? well... GM was a car company #1 in Russia last year. Ford Focus was a best selling car. I've heard Ford Motors has some financial problems? Still want sanctions?) We have to be frends in 21 century.
Alexey, Ural, Russian Federation
It's really simple. Russia's first step back onto the BIG world stage where they so want to be, believe they should be, and they are condemned by the entire world without exception. Even China today told Russia to discuss the situation and find a solution. Time for a reality check Russia??
kr, Cap Ferrat, FRANCE
Rights and wrongs are decided by the West the International community. Russia, or for the matter China or India, cannot be part of this formation unless they toe the line of the West.
Richard Kiev What proofs did you see about violence in Georgia? Photographs and articles? From which source?
Ganesh, Colombo,
Sander Heinsalu, New Haven, US
"This immediately begs the question of what is worth going to war over Ukraine? Moldova? All Eastern Europe?"
Certainly NOT IRAQ!
gary smith, LONDON, UK
To Craig - Churchill used to tease allies (USSR and GB used to be allies in WW2) and to appease enemies (Japan). It would be great if your modern policy was at least as
ambiguous not to say smart. Be sure that russians are aware
of this "confusion" which does not mean they appreciate it that much
Mariya, St.Petersburg, Russia
To Andrash Detary, Budapest, Hungary
You say you remember 1956 & 1968 Russian Invasions in Budapest & Prague. But Russia didn't exist as a state in 1956 or 1968. The Soviet Union did exist. In 1956 it was led by the Ukrainian Nikita Chrushev. In 1968 it was led by another Ukrainian Brezhnev.
Stas, Omsk, Russian Federation
Moscow has the winning cards whether you like it or not. US is loosing its control over many issues all around the world. Its not easy to control or have influence over countries with the current administration and surely next US president can not cure this wound created by Bush administraion.
Reza, London, UK
How much humanitarian aid can you carry on a frigate?
Steve, Cambridge, Great Britain
to Andrash from Bucharest: when you remember of 1968,may be you'll remeber who the head of USSR was,I can remind you,Brezhnev,a simple ukranian guy,may be you'll acuse Ucrania of it,why Russia?And one more simple georgian guy,named Stalin, killed millions of russians,why don't you accuse Georgia?
yulia, Moscow, Russia
It would have been perfectly correct to discuss Russia's moves and violations if at least once it was clearly stated that Saakashvili has started this ordeal
andreas usinger, moscow,
Another instance of how flawed USA foreign policy is creating one more mess! Iraq, Afganistan, Pakistan, the middle East.....When will they ever learn! The EU has a richer history and should know better. And not just pander to the Russia hating leaders of the new entrants!
Sambit, London,
To Leonid, Moscow
Yes, warships are the best way to deliver supplies when Russians are within 100 miles of you.
Kazuki, Tokyo, Japan
USA is behind this attack of Georgia, but as usual they are not doing well in foreign policy, all states who are helped under the table by USA end up as terrorist or under dictatorship regimen. I hope Ukraine president is wise enough to check their history and stay calm.
Franklin Aranaga, Lima, Perú
Dissapointment! Great dissapointment in so called civilized world. Why do not you want to hear ossetian voices - the voices of those people who were killed on the 7th and 8th of August - more then 2000. And only then it is relevant to speak about georgian problems. You are too simple.
Lara, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Is it fair to assume that Russia's motives and demeanour are exactly the same as they were 50 years ago? We don't assume the worst about Germany any more (and yes, I know that was slightly longer ago...).
Leopards can change their spots, and this is not Communism that we're dealing with.
David, Manchester, UK
Richard Kiev: when you issue passports, that means that there are people that want to have them. There must be a certain reason for that don;t you think? Looking at the politics of the Ukraine, and the pro-American president that does not listen to the majority of it is population it is not strange
Hans, Moscow, Russia
EU taypayers were not consuted over huge EU funding for 'breakaway' Kosovo. Will my taxes now go to the two new breakaway republics ?
Most of us don´t have a vote on EU enlargement so will Ukraine be next even though most Ukrainiens don´t want to join NATO ?
Democracy anyone ?
John, Berlin, Germany
When will people stop saying that appeasement never works? Churchill is remembered as an anti-appeaser but he was in favour of appeasing Japan, Italy and the Soviet Union. Quite rightly as well. You need to reduce your potential enemies, not increase them.
Craig, Liverpool, UK
Maybe this is a suprise to many readers, but Russia is NOT a communist dictatorship anymore. I realize there may be some bad feelings about the cold war, but lets move on people. Russia is justifiably concerned about the aggresive actions of the West, and they are justified in their response.
Michael, Boston, Massachusetts
I do remember 1956 Russian Invasion in Budapest. I do remember Russian Invasion 1968 in Prague. I do remember a bitter feeling of disappointment. We Hungarians felt that the West has abandoned us.
Georgia is a small country. Help them. If we do not, next will be Ukraine, then Baltic Countries,etc
Andrash Detary, Budapest, Hungary
When Kouchner says something, the main purpose of his words is to draw attention to himself.
What he actually says, you can forget about.
Sam Young, Paris, France
It is obviously that all the countries that are in panic now and want to put sanctions on Russia,on one hand or another, responsible for georgian agression against Ossetia. They want to stop Russia from finding the "truth"...so many weapons from those countries(USA,Germany et) were found in Georgia
yulia, Saratov, Russia
Many commentators have said that the Caucasus is not worth going to war over. This immediately begs the question of what is worth going to war over Ukraine? Moldova? All Eastern Europe? History should have taught European countries at least that appeasement does not work.
Sander Heinsalu, New Haven, US
It is something that NATO the US , UK and EU do on a frequent basis: recognise the rights and autonomy of a breakaway group or faction. Russia has declared its support for 2 breakaway countries- just like the west did Kosovo and all the nations now making up Yugoslavia. Russia has every right .
Ian Phipps, London, UK
Moscow doesn't want to repair the damage. Why can't you understand its a new World now. Moscow will 1) Issue passports 2 ) claim violence against the new Russian passport holders 3) Invade and grab the land. There's no proof of any violence against the S Ossetians, just claims. Photos, proof, please
Richard, Kiev, Ukraine
"Certain countries have asked that sanctions be imposed,
Britain (because U.S. said so) & Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Poland, etc...
The usual beggars and cryers, that all have presidents that were coincidently born or once resided in the U.S.
coincidence?
A.A., Melbourne, Australia
Punish yourself for Kosovo. Cut your high EU salaries twice. Give these money to rebuild the houses that you have destroyed in Serbia. Then I would completely believe what you are telling me about Ossetia.
Wagner, Neuss,
well, at first we were said that NATO warships to Georgia delivered aid, now that they partisipate in 'routine exersice', but I ask what the NATO warships that may carry nuclear weapons are doing new Georgia? Anyone else think warship is the best way of delivering goods? Or maybe it's one more lie?
Leonid, Moscow,